First Move  ·  Statecraft  · 
From the capitals — Thursday morning, 09 July

Australia and India Forge Uranium Deal, Defense Pact in Melbourne Summit

Prime Ministers Albanese and Modi advanced cooperation on nuclear energy and security, as diplomatic efforts continue to address Middle East tensions and Ukraine's defense needs.

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The conversation that mattered

In Melbourne, Australian Prime Minister Anthony Albanese and Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi convened for the Third Australia–India Annual Summit, culminating in significant agreements. The leaders announced an administrative deal allowing Australia to begin selling uranium to India for peaceful purposes, resolving a long-standing issue stemming from concerns over weapons use.

This move is particularly impactful given Australia's vast uranium resources and India's ambition to increase nuclear power generation. Furthermore, the summit produced a Joint Declaration on Defence and Security Cooperation, reflecting a deeper ambition in their bilateral relationship, alongside the establishment of an Annual Defence Ministers' Dialogue.

The two nations also agreed on an Australia-India Partnership on Cyber, Critical Technologies and Supply Chains (PACTS) and signed the Australia-Canada-India Technology and Innovation (ACITI) Partnership MOU. The next phase of this strengthened partnership will see Prime Minister Modi travel to New Zealand for a state visit on July 10-11.

Today's meetings

US President Donald Trump

Actor Two: Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy

Venue Or Format: Sidelines of NATO Summit, Ankara

What Was Discussed: Discussions focused on strengthening Ukraine's air defense capabilities, with President Trump offering US support for in-country Patriot missile manufacturing.

Signal: Signals enhanced US commitment to Ukraine's defense industrial base and long-term security.

US President Donald Trump

Actor Two: Syrian President Ahmed al-Sharaa

Venue Or Format: Sidelines of NATO Summit, Ankara

What Was Discussed: President Trump suggested Syria could assist with issues related to Hezbollah and Lebanon.

Signal: Signals US interest in leveraging Syrian influence for regional de-escalation.

Japan Foreign Minister Motegi Toshimitsu

Actor Two: German Foreign Minister Johann Wadephul

Venue Or Format: Sidelines of NATO Summit, Ankara

What Was Discussed: Reaffirmed cooperation in security, defense, and engagement in the Indo-Pacific region, as well as discussing situations in the Middle East, Ukraine, and East Asia.

Signal: Signals deepening strategic alignment and shared regional interests between two key global economies.

UK Deputy Prime Minister David Lammy

Actor Two: Attorney General Lord Richard Hermer KC

Venue Or Format: Chatham House London Conference

What Was Discussed: Delivered keynote addresses defending international law.

Signal: Signals a strong UK commitment to upholding the international rules-based order.

Joint statements + readouts

NATO Alliance Heads of State and Government

Topic: Collective Defense and Ukraine Support

Key Line: We, the Heads of State and Government of the North Atlantic Alliance, have gathered in Ankara to reaffirm our ironclad commitment to our collective defence under Article 5 of the Washington Treaty and to the transatlantic bond.

Australia, Canada, India

Topic: Technology and Innovation Partnership

Key Line: The Leaders were also pleased to welcome the signing of the Australia–Canada–India Technology and Innovation (ACITI) Partnership MOU, reaffirming their shared commitment to trusted partnerships as a foundation for cooperation in critical and emerging technologies.

Multilateral pulse

UN Security Council. The Security Council held an open briefing on Ukraine, requested by Ukraine to address recent large-scale Russian missile and drone attacks.

UN Security Council. An open debate on Women and Peace and Security was held, chaired by Democratic Republic of Congo Prime Minister Judith Suminwa Tuluka, focusing on honoring international law for survivors of conflict-related sexual violence.

Bilateral threads worth following

US ↔ Iran

Current State: Tensions are escalating following renewed military exchanges.

Last Move: US President Trump declared the memorandum of understanding (MoU) with Iran to end the conflict 'over' after a second day of US strikes and Iranian retaliation.

Lebanon ↔ Israel

Current State: Direct talks are stalled over preconditions.

Last Move: Lebanon demanded Israel's withdrawal from two 'pilot zones' in the south before participating in the next round of direct talks scheduled for Rome.

India ↔ New Zealand

Current State: Ties are strengthening with an upcoming high-level visit.

Last Move: Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi is scheduled to undertake a state visit to New Zealand from July 10-11.

What we'll be watching next 72h

Reporting + analyst voices: grounded via Google Search at publish time.